"Previous Condition": Music as a Tool for Characterisation
James Baldwin's "Previous Condition" has a deep theme of internalised racism running through the story. The main character, Peter, rejects his African-American heritage and actively seeks to distance himself from it. This is portrayed in many different ways throughout the story, such as his refusal to live in Harlem ("I can't stand niggers" (Baldwin 91)). But I think one of the more subtle and interesting ways that Baldwin presents Peter's hatred of black culture is through the simple and sparse use of music in the story. Music is mentioned just twice throughout "Previous Condition": once when Peter listens to Beethoven in the apartment building, and again when he goes to the pub at Harlem. We can gain the most insight into Peter's internal biases by examining his response to both instances as well as examining the circumstances around them. First: when Peter listens to Beethoven in the apartment. When he listens to this music, he describ